Research & Policy

Debt settlement companies offer the promise of settling a consumer's debt for a fraction of what they owe. The idea is simple: debt settlement companies offer to negotiate down the outstanding debt (usually from credit cards) owed to a more manageable amount so that a consumer can become debt free. Unfortunately debt settlement carries significant risks that may result in...

This letter is written to the Chairman of the HELP Committee, Senator Tom Harkin (D – IA), as he seeks to reauthorize the Higher Education Act. The reauthorization aims to make substantive reforms to protect students and address critical student lending issues, including student loan servicing, private student loans, for-profit colleges, and school-bank partnerships.

In these comments, CRL expresses general support for the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's proposals to amend the 2013 Mortgage Rules under the Truth in Lending Act (Regulation Z). Additionally, CRL calls for more clarity to help prevent potential abuses to legitimate nonprofit organizations and to the right to cure provisions addressing errors.

On May 27, 2014, the Center for Responsible Lending submitted a comment to the Department of Education in response to their proposed gainful employment rule. In the comment, senior policy counsel Maura Dundon highlights: how for-profit colleges may fail to provide students the skills or education necessary to seek gainful employment, yet still be the beneficiaries of federal financial aid...

CRL added its support to a broad coalition calling for the Department of Education to ensure that its final gainful employment rulemaking must be strengthened to protect both students and taxpayers. This comment letter identifies four specific initiatives to ensure that taxpayers dollars do not support waste, fraud or abuse.

Car title loans, like payday loans, are marketed as a quick financial fix, but lead to long-term debt and carry 300% annual interest rates. A typical borrower pays twice as much in interest and fees than she receives in credit extended. Nationally, car title lending drains $4.3 billion annually in excessive fees. Car title lenders systematically disregard a borrower's ability...

CRL and several other consumer and civil rights organizations commend the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for issuing best practices on banks' sales of charged-off consumer debt. They urge the OCC to strengthen debt management practices further by adopting strict guidance to reduce harm to American families.

Responding to an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, CRL addresses harmful practices that have become common in the debt buying and third-party debt collection industries. Debt buyers typically acquire charged-off debt without any supporting documentation. Too often account information is inaccurate, outdated or missing, and third-party collectors may use abusive tactics to pursue debt that may or may not be...

The debt collection industry is a rapidly expanding business, with revenue increasing up to 600 percent between 2003 and 2012. Private companies buy billions of dollars of charged-off debt from banks each year. The most common type of debt purchased comes from credit cards, but debt buyers also buy student loans, medical debt and more. As the industry has grown...

Enrolling in a for-profit college usually means higher costs of attendance and higher default rates on student loans. This research brief explores why students of color – African-American and Latino - enroll more frequently in these schools than do white students. CRL also reviews how the Department of Education's proposed Gainful Employment rule could improve student outcomes.

American consumers need strong protections from unfair, deceptive or abusive practices in the payday and small-dollar lending markets. CRL joined Americans for Financial Reform and more than 100 other organizations to urge Richard Cordray, Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, to pass a broad rule, warning that an overly narrow rule could result in an even deeper debt trap.

Oneshia Herring, legislative counsel at CRL, discusses three reasons why payday loans are an inherently defective product that violate any reasonable concept of fair and responsible lending. This testimony was presented at a CFPB field hearing on March 25, 2014, in Nashville, Tennessee.

With America's student debt now more than $1 trillion and still growing, many borrowers face the likelihood of delaying their ability to begin their own households, buy a home or a vehicle. Further, in a tight job market, many new graduates are financially challenged to begin repayment even with their newly-acquired marketable skills. For consumers enrolled in predatory career education...

A 13-member coalition of civil rights, housing and legal advocates called upon the U.S. Senate Banking Committee to preserve equal access to mortgage credit for all qualified borrowers. Together the groups stated that a robust housing market must be fair with equal credit terms and effective regulation. They also noted that the nation's demographic shifts will translate into seven out...

Negotiating on Car Loans Doesn't Help African Americans and Latinos Trying to negotiate a better interest rate on your car loan should generally result in a better deal, right? Not so for buyers of color who get loans from dealers. Our survey finds that African Americans and Latinos attempt to negotiate loan pricing with car dealers more often than white...

CRL recently expressed support for the Massachusetts' Attorney General proposed regulations for occupational and for-profit schools. In its comments, CRL cited that although only 13 percent of students are enrolled at these schools, they account for 46 percent of federal student loan defaults – often in addition to high-cost private loans.

CRL President Mike Calhoun testified before the House Financial Services Committee that CFPB's rules strike the right balance of providing borrower protections while also ensuring access to credit.

In 2014, new mortgage lending reforms go into effect. Finalized by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the reforms respond to the abusive lending practices that triggered the nation's financial crisis. The new rules also protect and preserve access to credit. Lenders must now consider whether a borrower has the ability to repay a mortgage. This change means an end to...

In reply to the Department of Education's request for comments on the form used by colleges to apply to be eligible for federal student loan funds, CRL called for attention to the arbitration agreements between schools and their students and employees. CRL said that forced arbitration undermines the transparency and accuracy of information reported by the schools, and could threaten...

Debt settlement[ 1] programs too often are not the solution they are marketed to be, according to this new CRL research. Debt settlement companies promote their programs as a way for debt-strapped consumers to become debt-free while paying a fraction of what they owe their creditors. However, our research shows that debt settlement program participants may be left in a...

Morgan Drexen Case Illustrates Harm to Consumers In the past, debt settlement companies typically charged hefty fees upon enrollment, before settling any debts. This practice created heavy incentives for companies to sign up as many people as possible, collect fees, and not settle any debts. In light of these problems, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) issued rules regulating debt relief...

A host of civil rights and fair housing allies joined with CRL in submitting comments to federal financial regulators and HUD. The comments which addressed proposed rules on credit risk retention requirements focus on three key recommendations: •Support for the proposed alignment of mortgage rules to restrict risky loan features; •Protection of access to credit for qualified homebuyers; and •Opposition...

In this testimony and working paper presented before the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, Eric Stein, CRL Senior Vice-President, reminded lawmakers that consumer concerns must not be lost in proposed housing finance reforms. Key recommendations include: Preserving broad consumer access to credit Requiring secondary market entities to serve a national market Converting stock ownership of secondary market...

The National Consumer Law Center, Consumer Federation of America, Center for Responsible Lending and 26 other consumer and civil rights groups sent a letter to federal regulators urging stronger measures to stop illegal payments from being taken out of consumers' bank accounts. The letter went to federal bank regulators, the U.S. Department of Justice, and the Federal Trade Commission.